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Cobbler自动化系统部署

字数统计: 4.5k字   |   阅读时长≈ 23分

Cobbler是一个Linux服务器安装的服务，可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS等。Cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具(cobbler-web)，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。

cobbler工作原理

cobbler-works

环境准备

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1. 查看系统版本
   [root@cobbler-9 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
   CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) 
   
2. 内核版本
   [root@cobbler-9 ~]# uname -a
   Linux cobbler-9 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64
   
3. 关闭selinux
   [root@cobbler-9 ~]# getenforce 
   Permissive
   [root@cobbler-9 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config 
   SELINUX=disabled

4. 停止firewalld防火墙
   [root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
   [root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
   
   
5. 主机名
   [root@cobbler-9 ~]# hostname
   cobbler-9
   
6. 安装yum源
   mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
   wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
   yum clean all && yum makecache

安装cobbler

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# yum install cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart httpd dhcp tftp xinetd -y

cobbler          #Cobbler程序包
cobbler-web      #Cobbler的web服务包
pykickstart      #Cobbler检查kickstart语法错误
httpd            #Apache web服务
dhcp             #Dhcp服务
tftp             #Tftp服务

重要配置文件注释

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# rpm -ql cobbler
/etc/cobbler                  # 配置文件目录
/etc/cobbler/settings         # cobbler主配置文件，这个文件是YAML格式，Cobbler是python写的程序。
/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template    # DHCP服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/tftpd.template   # tftp服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/rsync.template   # rsync服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/iso              # iso模板配置文件目录
/etc/cobbler/pxe              # pxe模板文件目录
/etc/cobbler/power            # 电源的配置文件目录
/etc/cobbler/users.conf       # Web服务授权配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.digest     # 用于web访问的用户名密码配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template # DNS服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/modules.conf     # Cobbler模块配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler              # Cobbler数据目录
/var/lib/cobbler/config       # 配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts   # 默认存放kickstart文件
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders      # 存放的各种引导程序
/var/www/cobbler              # 系统安装镜像目录
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror    # 导入的系统镜像列表
/var/www/cobbler/images       # 导入的系统镜像启动文件
/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror  # yum源存储目录
/var/log/cobbler              # 日志目录
/var/log/cobbler/install.log  # 客户端系统安装日志
/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log  # cobbler日志

启动服务

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cobbler的运行依赖于dhcp、tftp、rsync及dns服务。

[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl enable httpd

[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl start cobblerd
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd

[root@cobbler-9 ~]# ss -lntup |grep cobblerd

检查cobbler的配置

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler check

针对出现的问题逐一解决：

问题1：修改/etc/cobbler/settings文件中--提供cobbler服务的主机相应的IP地址或主机名
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# sed -i 's/server: 127.0.0.1/server: 10.10.0.10/' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# grep 10.10.0.10 /etc/cobbler/settings 
next_server: 10.10.0.10
server: 10.10.0.10

问题2：修改/etc/xinetd.d/tftp
修改disable = no

问题3：按照提示执行“cobbler get-loaders” 下载loaders
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler get-loaders
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# ls /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/  查看下载内容

问题4：按照提示执行"systemctl enable rsyncd"
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd

问题5：创建cobbler默认系统用户及密码
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'root' 'passwd'
$1$root$CZ.bdnz2SUozLTg0W7Yhm1
修改密码为刚创建的新密码
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# grep default_password /etc/cobbler/settings
default_password_crypted: "$1$root$CZ.bdnz2SUozLTg0W7Yhm1"

重启cobbler后再检查
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler check

此时，还剩下最后两项，一个是与debian系统相关，另一个是电影管理设备相关，此处暂不做调整。

配置DHCP

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此参数为1时表示使用，cobbler管理dhcp
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# sed -i 's#manage_dhcp: 0#manage_dhcp: 1#g' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
#仅列出修改过的部分
subnet 10.10.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     option routers             10.10.0.1;
     option domain-name-servers 10.10.0.1;
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        10.10.0.100 10.10.0.254;
     #next-server               $next_server;
     next-server                10.10.0.10;

同步cobbler配置

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#同步最新cobbler配置，它会根据配置自动修改dhcp等服务。
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl restart xinetd
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl enable xinetd
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler sync
......
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

#查看dhcp配置文件的标注开头证明自己由Cobbler管理
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# less /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 
# ******************************************************************
# Cobbler managed dhcpd.conf file
# generated from cobbler dhcp.conf template (Tue Aug 15 12:16:44 2017)
# Do NOT make changes to /etc/dhcpd.conf. Instead, make your changes
# in /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template, as /etc/dhcpd.conf will be
# overwritten.
# ******************************************************************

cobbler的命令行管理

查看帮助

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler
usage
=====
cobbler <distro|profile|system|repo|image|mgmtclass|package|file> ... 
        [add|edit|copy|getks*|list|remove|rename|report] [options|--help]
cobbler <aclsetup|buildiso|import|list|replicate|report|reposync|sync|validateks|version|signature|get-loaders|hardlink> [options|--help]

导入镜像参数

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler import --help
Usage: cobbler import [options]

Options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --arch=ARCH           OS architecture being imported
  --breed=BREED         the breed being imported
  --os-version=OS_VERSION
                        the version being imported
  --path=PATH           local path or rsync location
  --name=NAME           name, ex 'RHEL-5'
  --available-as=AVAILABLE_AS
                        tree is here, don't mirror
  --kickstart=KICKSTART_FILE
                        assign this kickstart file
  --rsync-flags=RSYNC_FLAGS
                        pass additional flags to rsync

常见参数注释

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cobbler check    核对当前设置是否有问题
cobbler list     列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler report   列出元素的详细信息
cobbler sync     同步配置到数据目录,更改配置最好都要执行下
cobbler reposync 同步yum仓库
cobbler distro   查看导入的发行版系统信息
cobbler system   查看添加的系统信息
cobbler profile  查看配置信息

可单个执行查看帮助信息，例：

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler distro
usage
=====
cobbler distro add
cobbler distro copy
cobbler distro edit
cobbler distro find
cobbler distro list
cobbler distro remove
cobbler distro rename
cobbler distro report

导入镜像文件

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#我的CentOS6.6 和CentOS7的ISO文件已经上传到/iso目录，需要使用mount挂载后使用。
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# mount -o loop /iso/CentOS-6.6-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /mnt/

#导入操作系统来自/mnt目录下
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=CentOS-6.6-x86_64 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2017-08-15_085536_import
......
......
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

#参数注释：
# --path 镜像路径
# --name 为安装源定义一个名字
# --arch 指定安装源是32位、64位、ia64, 目前支持的选项有: x86│x86_64│ia64
# 安装源的唯一标示就是根据name参数来定义，如果重复，系统会提示导入失败。
#镜像存放目录，cobbler会将镜像中的所有安装文件拷贝到本地一份，放在/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror下的CentOS-6.6-x86_64目录下。因此/var/www/cobbler目录必须具有足够容纳安装文件的空间。

同理，再导入一份CentOS-7.3的操作系统

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#先卸载之前的挂载，重新挂载CentOS7
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# umount /mnt/
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# mount -o loop /iso/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1611.iso /mnt
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS-7.3-x86_64 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2017-08-15_090352_import
......
......
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

查看镜像列表：

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler distro list
CentOS-6.6-x86_64
CentOS-7.3-x86_64

镜像文件位置

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# ls /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/
CentOS-6.6-x86_64  CentOS-7.3-x86_64  config

删除指定的镜像

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler profile remove --name=CentOS-7xxx
[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler distro remove --name=CentOS-7xxx

指定ks.cfg文件调整内核参数

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Cobbler使用ks.cfg文件来制定所需要的安装配置，分区，网络，主机名等开机优化操作，还可以指定系统安装相应的软件。

CentOS-6.6-x86_64.ks
CentOS-7.3-x86_64.ks
配置文件见文章底部；

Cobbler的默认ks.cfg文件存放位置

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# ls /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
default.ks        legacy.ks            sample_esx4.ks   sample_old.seed
esxi4-ks.cfg      pxerescue.ks         sample_esxi4.ks  sample.seed
esxi5-ks.cfg      sample_autoyast.xml  sample_esxi5.ks
install_profiles  sample_end.ks(默认使用的ks文件)        sample.ks

检查ks.cfg文件是否有语法错误

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[root@cobbler-9]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts

[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# ksvalidator CentOS-6.6-x86_64.ks

上传准备好的cfg 文件到/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/路径，并修改distro list镜像对应的cfg文件

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[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# ls -l CentOS*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65853 Aug 15 09:13 CentOS-6.6-x86_64.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 53180 Aug 15 09:13 CentOS-7.3-x86_64.ks


[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-6.6-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-6.6-x86_64.ks
[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.3-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.3-x86_64.ks

CentOS7系统网卡名变成eno…这种，为了运维标准化，我们需要修改为我们常用的eth0，使用下面的参数。但要注意是CentOS7才需要下面的步骤(CentOS6不需要)。

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[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.3-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'

查看安装img镜像文件信息

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[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# cobbler distro report
Name                           : CentOS-6.6-x86_64    #镜像名称
Architecture                   : x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Breed                          : redhat
Comment                        : 
Fetchable Files                : {}
Initrd                         : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/imges/pxeboot/initrd.img
Kernel                         : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/imges/pxeboot/vmlinuz
Kernel Options                 : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Kickstart Metadata             : {'tree': 'http://@@http_server@@/cblr/links/CenOS-6.6-x86_64'}
Management Classes             : []
OS Version                     : rhel6
Owners                         : ['admin']
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}

Name                           : CentOS-7.3-x86_64    #镜像名称
Architecture                   : x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Breed                          : redhat
Comment                        : 
Fetchable Files                : {}
Initrd                         : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/imges/pxeboot/initrd.img
Kernel                         : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/imges/pxeboot/vmlinuz
Kernel Options                 : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Kickstart Metadata             : {'tree': 'http://@@http_server@@/cblr/links/CenOS-7.3-x86_64'}
Management Classes             : []
OS Version                     : rhel7
Owners                         : ['admin']
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}

查看指定的img镜像文件

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[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# cobbler distro report --name=CentOS-7.3-x86_64

查看所有的cfg配置文件内容

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[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# cobbler profile report

可以指定名称查看某一个配置的cfg文件

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[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# cobbler profile report --name=CentOS-7.3-x86_64
Name                           : CentOS-7.3-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Comment                        : 
DHCP Tag                       : default
Distribution                   : CentOS-7.3-x86_64
Enable gPXE?                   : 0
Enable PXE Menu?               : 1
Fetchable Files                : {}
Kernel Options                 : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifnames': '0'}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.3-x86_64.cfg
Kickstart Metadata             : {}
Management Classes             : []
Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>
Name Servers                   : []
Name Servers Search Path       : []
Owners                         : ['admin']
Parent Profile                 : 
Internal proxy                 : 
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
Repos                          : []
Server Override                : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}
Virt Auto Boot                 : 1
Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0
Virt CPUs                      : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw
Virt File Size(GB)             : 5
Virt Path                      : 
Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512
Virt Type                      : kvm

每次修改为都要执行一次同步

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[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# cobbler sync

部署操作系统

  1. 使用一台物理机，与cobbler服务器在同一个局域网，然后开机按F12通过网络启动即可。

  2. 自动化安装完成后，登陆操作系统检查配置。

自定义登陆界面

打个广告

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template
修改第3行内容
MENU TITLE Cobbler | online ks.cfg update date 2017.8.15   

注：企业中一般会以ks.cfg文件作为服务器操作系统初始化标准，所以可以把广告改为文件更新日期，有利于维护

每次修改为都需要执行一次同步

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[root@cobbler-9 ~]# cobbler sync

效果图类似

自定义信息

Cobbler web使用

重置cobbler账号的密码

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htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" root

新建用户

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htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" your_newname

访问cobbler页面

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https://cobbler_server_ip/cobbler_web

*定制化安装

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1. Cobbler支持设备的物理MAC地址来区分设备，针对不同设备安装操作系统
2. 查看服务器MAC地址，并牢记
3. Cobbler可以自定义配置网络接口，通过system来固定机器的IP、掩码、网关、DNS、主机名、等等实现基础环境标准化

[root@cobbler-9 kickstarts]# cobbler system add --name=linux-Centos7.3-online --mac=00:50:56:38:F3:C5 --profile=CentOS-7.3-x86_64 \
--ip-address=10.10.0.10 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=10.10.0.1 --interface=eth0 \
--static=1 --hostname=centos7.3 --name-servers="10.10.0.1" \
--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.3-x86_64.ks
#--name 自定义，但不能重复

查看定义的列表

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[root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler system list
linux-Centos7.3-online

打开MAC地址为”00:50:56:38:F3:C5”的机器发现会自动安装预选的操作系统

macauto

检查新安装的设备，IP、掩码、网关、DNS、主机名、等等配置发现与预设的信息一致。

*指定设备系统重装(在需要重装系统的机器上面操作)

有些需要重新安装的系统希望reboot后自动重装

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在需要重装的机器上面！！！安装koan

安装yum源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum clean all && yum makecache

yum install -y koan

检查在Cobbler上面有可选择的img

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[root@linux-node2 ~]# koan --server=10.10.1.10 --list=profiles
\- looking for Cobbler at http://10.10.1.10:80/cobbler_api
CentOS-6.6-x86_64
CentOS-7.2-x86_64

指定要选择重装的系统

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[root@linux-node2 ~]# koan --replace-self --server=10.10.1.10 --profile=CentOS-6.6-x86_64

\- looking for Cobbler at http://10.10.1.10:80/cobbler_api
\- reading URL: http://10.10.1.10/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.6-x86_64
install_tree: http://10.10.1.10/cblr/links/CentOS-6.6-x86_64
downloading initrd initrd.img to /boot/initrd.img_koan
url=http://10.10.1.10/cobbler/images/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/initrd.img
\- reading URL: http://10.10.1.10/cobbler/images/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/initrd.img
downloading kernel vmlinuz to /boot/vmlinuz_koan
url=http://10.10.1.10/cobbler/images/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/vmlinuz
\- reading URL: http://10.10.1.10/cobbler/images/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/vmlinuz
\- ['/sbin/grubby', '--add-kernel', '/boot/vmlinuz_koan', '--initrd', '/boot/initrd.img_koan', '--args', '"ks=http://10.10.1.10/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.6-x86_64 ksdevice=link kssendmac lang= text "', '--copy-default', '--make-default', '--title=kick1464941350']
\- ['/sbin/grubby', '--update-kernel', '/boot/vmlinuz_koan', '--remove-args=root']
\- reboot to apply changes

重启需要重装的系统,发现系统已经按照指定的镜像重新安装为CentOS6.6操作系统

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[root@linux-node2 ~]# reboot

*.ks附件

centos_6.6.ks [注：ks文件内不允许出现中文，即便是注释]

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#Install OS
install

#Use network installation
url --url="http://10.10.0.10/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/"

#System language
lang zh_CN.UTF-8

#System keyboard
keyboard us

#System timezone
timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai

#SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
firewall --disabled

#Reboot after installation
reboot


#System authentication method
authconfig --useshadow --passalgo=sha512

#Root password
#Use command [grub-crypt --sha-512] to generate a password.
rootpw --iscrypted $6$H3I9mtaYtcKyOCwd$oquT.LoIPqF9Tk3l1g9Z4uD1GRvOp80.q/AFyfx86XaZgddcs.qF1I4K9.qSMpo/AC4YcdBe8ftSMBgyq1b/R1

#System bootloader configuration(Greater than 2T using GPT)
#bootloader --location=gpt --driveorder=sda
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda

#Text mode installation
text

#Do not configure the X Window System
skipx

#The system does not configure user information after the first startup
firstboot --disabled

#Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr

#Clean the system partition before installing the system
clearpart --all --initlabel

#Disk partitioning information
part  /boot  --fstype="ext4" --size=100  --ondisk=sda
part  swap  --fstype="swap" --size=8192 --ondisk=sda
part  /   --fstype="ext4" --grow  --size=1 --ondisk=sda

#Network configuration information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=em1 --onboot=on
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=em2 --onboot=on
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=em3
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=em4


%packages
@chinese-support
@core
@server-policy
@workstation-policy
@system-management-snmp
bind-utils
lrzsz
vim-enhanced
%end


#Configure the yum source 
%post

id lustlost &>; /dev/null || useradd mongo
echo 123456 | passwd –stdin mongo

cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo << eof 
[base] 
name=baseserver 
baseurl=http://192.168.1.254/yum 
gpgcheck=0 
enable=1 
eof   


%end

centos_7.x.ks

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#version=CentOS7.x by garywu. - 2017.08.23

install

# url
url --url="http://10.10.0.10/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/"

# Keyboard layouts
keyboard us

# System language
lang zh_CN.UTF-8

# System timezone
timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai


# Reboot after installation
reboot

# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda

# Initialize the logging level
logging --level=info

# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$H3I9mtaYtcFyOCwd$oquO.LoIRqY9Tk3l1g9Z4uD1FRvOp80.q/AFyfx86XaZgdKcs.qF1I4K9.qSMpo/AC4YcdBe8ftSMBgyq1b/R1


# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
selinux --disabled

# System authorization information
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512


# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
text


# clear the source data.
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel

# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr

# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=500
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=8092
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1


# Network information
#network --bootproto=dhcp --device=em1 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
#network --bootproto=dhcp --device=em2 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto
#network --hostname=localhost.localdomain
 
%packages
bind-utils
lrzsz
vim*
%end

%post
systemctl disable postfix.service
%end

注：

  1. 上面的 %post …… %end,意思是可以在系统啥的都配置完之后，最后执行一些命令，比如添加epel源或者检查用户是否存在，如果不存在则创建用户
  2. 通过cat方式追加文本，如果文本中包含特殊字符比如: “$” , 需要在其前面加转义符”"。否则变量会丢失。
  3. CentOS7系统中，mbr可以识别2TB以上的硬盘，并且没有gpt一说，所以分区格式使用mbr即可。

最后感谢感谢老男孩、赵班长、徐布斯的付出，原文

关于包组

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如果不清楚要安装哪些包组，需要使用system-config-kickstart命令配合X windows环境进行配置ks文件查看。

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tag:

    缺失模块。
    1、请确保node版本大于6.2
    2、在博客根目录（注意不是yilia-plus根目录）执行以下命令：
    npm i hexo-generator-json-content --save

    3、在根目录_config.yml里添加配置： 

      jsonContent:
    meta: false
    pages: false
    posts:
      title: true
      date: true
      path: true
      text: false
      raw: false
      content: false
      slug: false
      updated: false
      comments: false
      link: false
      permalink: false
      excerpt: false
      categories: false
      tags: true


不论我写了什么...
其实都是错的......